E2020

u5l10

Lesson Info Basic Info Course: World History Survey Unit: Unit 5: Transition to Modern Times (1200 – 1700) Lesson #: 10 Order #: ##

Lesson Question What were the effects of Spanish colonization on the New World?

Objectives Explain Spain’s motivations for colonization in the New World Describe the Spanish conquest of the Aztec and Inca Empires Explain the effects of Spanish colonization on the American Indians in the New World

Standards — Please list in notes pane.

Metadata Vocabulary term definition colonization a process where one nation conquers and settles another country for its own benefit epidemic a severe outbreak of disease encomienda system a set of laws used by the Spanish to control American Indians conquistadors Spanish military leaders who conquered American Indians during the 1500s mission system a system run by Spanish priests to convert American Indians to Catholicism

Prerequisite Vocabulary: [List here] Feedback on Slides R1 (If not MS Word doc embedded here, see PPT comments instead.) Revision History Date Person Revision 201Y-MM-DD XXX Template sent to developer 201Y-MM-DD XXX Approval by Supervising Editor to move from chart to slide format 201Y-MM-DD XXX Approval by Supervising Editor to move to production stage.

Warm-Up What were the effects of Spanish colonization in the Americas?

Describe why the Spanish wanted to colonize the New World. Explain how the Spanish forced American Indians to accept Spanish culture. Explain how the Spanish conquered the Aztec and Incan empires. Words to Know What were the effects of Spanish colonization in the New World? God, Gold, and Glory Conquistadors were Spanish military leaders who conquered American Indians. Conquistadors were driven by: a religious duty to convert people to Christianity. the desire for gold. the urge to seek power and fame. a desire to acquire land for Spain.

Suggested image of conquistadors praying before a battle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ROHM_D195_The_conquistadors_pray_before_entry_to_Tenochtitlán.jpg

American Indians and the Conquest This painting supports the idea that conquistadors were motivated by [DD1]. DONE

Pick up painting of conquistadors praying before battle from previous slide. DD1 religion* money fame

Easy, B2, DOK1 What were the effects of Spanish colonization in the New World? Beginnings of Spanish Colonization The first Spanish colonies were located in the Caribbean. The Spanish enslaved many the American Indians for mining and growing sugar. Nearly all American Indians died because of war, disease, and overwork.

SPECIAL GRAPHICS REQUEST Map of the West Indies. Title: The West Indies Label Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean, Hispaniola, Juana (Cuba) South America (See annotated map for some of these locations). No key needed. We do not need the lines of Columbus’ voyages. See: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Christopher_Columbus_voyages.gif Timing: 2:00

The Encomienda System The encomienda system was a set of laws used to grant lands and establish a labor supply in Spanish colonies. Timing: 3:00

Bartolomé de las Casas Permission investigation needed: The Power of Words: Documents in American History to 1877, TH Breen, ed. Pearson. 1996. ISBN 1886746605, 9781886746602 p7.

Batholome de las Casas Highlight evidence that supports de las Casas’ claim that the Spanish abused the American Indians. [reading pane]�“[Since New Spain was discovered], great atrocities were committed against the indigenous people of the region and some were killed by members of the expedition. These so-called Christians set about stealing from the people and murdering them on the pretense of settling the area. And [since that time] the great iniquities and injustices, the outrageous acts of violence and the bloody tyranny of these Christians have steadily escalated…” —Bartolomé de las Casas DONE- BUILD [reading pane] “[Since New Spain was discovered], great atrocities were committed against the indigenous people of the region and some were killed by members of the expedition. These so-called Christians set about stealing from the people and murdering them on the pretense of settling the area. And [since that time] the great iniquities and injustices, the outrageous acts of violence and the bloody tyranny of these Christians have steadily escalated…” —Bartolomé de las Casas Which choice best describes how your highlighting compares to the model? [DD1] DONE DD1 (any): I highlighted too many words. I didn’t highlight enough words. I highlighted the right amount of words.

Timing: 4:30 Med, B4, DOK 2 Spanish Missions Spain created the mission system to assimilate American Indians into the Spanish culture. Provided food, clothing, and housing to American Indians Instructed American Indians in Catholicism and the Spanish language Forced American Indians to adopt Spanish customs

Timing: 5:30 http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mission_and_Gardens.JPG Spanish Class System Peninsulares – Spanish colonists born in Spain Criollos – Spanish colonists born in the Americas Mestizos – those of mixed Spanish/American Indian decent American Indians and African slaves Matching Introduction: match the following terms with their definitions. What were the effects of Spanish colonization in the New World? Hernán Cortés�(1485–1547) Sailed from Spain to the West Indies when he was 19 years old. Overthrew the Aztec empire and conquered Mexico for Spain. Used American Indian allies to wage war against the Aztecs. Timing: 1:00 Suggested image of Hernan Cortes: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cortes.jpg Image needs to be flipped. The Aztecs The Aztecs controlled the most powerful empire in Mexico. Disliked by some American Indian tribes who had to pay tribute. Believed the Spanish were gods. Suffered from a smallpox epidemic introduced by the Spanish.

Timing: 2:00 SPECIAL GRAPHICS REQUEST Map showing extent of Aztec empire in Mexico at the time of the Spanish conquest. Can pick up from U5 L7 Segment 2 or create from these specs: Title: The Aztec Empire, 1519 Show Mexico. Shade in borders of Aztec empire. Label only Tenochtitlan, Gulf of Mexico, Pacific Ocean. Include key for shaded area. See: Smallpox Use the highlighting tool to identify evidence the explains the effect of the epidemic among the Aztec. [reading pane] And [even] before the Spaniards had risen against us, a pestilence first came to be prevalent: the smallpox. It was the month of Tepeilhuitl when it began, and it spread over the people as great destruction. Some it quite covered with blisters on all parts – their faces, their heads, their chests, etc…Entirely covered with blisters, very many people died of them. And very many starved; there was death from hunger, for none could take care of the sick; nothing could be done for them. –The Florentine Codex, 1579 [reading pane] And [even] before the Spaniards had risen against us, a pestilence first came to be prevalent: the smallpox. It was the month of Tepeilhuitl when it began, and it spread over the people as great destruction. Some it quite covered with blisters on all parts – their faces, their heads, their chests, etc…Entirely covered with blisters, very many people died of them. And very many starved; there was death from hunger, for none could take care of the sick; nothing could be done for them. Which choice best describes how your highlighting compares to the model? DD1 DONE

Bloom’s: 2�DoK: 1�level of difficulty: easy

DD1 (any) I highlighted too many words. I didn’t highlight enough words. I highlighted the right amount of words.

Moctezuma II�(1466–1520) Ruled over the Aztecs as king. Conquered other American Indian tribes. Invited Cortés into the city of Tenochtitlán. Was imprisoned by Cortés Died under unknown circumstances Timing: 2:30 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Motecuzoma_Xocoyotzin.jpeg A Story of Conquest When Hernán Cortés arrived in Mexicbo, the [DD1] held the largest and most powerful empire in that part of the world. Because the Spanish had horses, some Aztecs thought Cortés might be a god. The Aztec king, [DD2], invited Cortés to enter his capital city of Tenochtitlán. After a short time, Cortés turned against the emperor and [DD3]. When the emperor died, the Aztecs rebelled against the Spanish, and Cortés and his men were forced to flee. He rejoined his allies and came back to attack Tenochtitlán. In 1521, their empire fell to Cortés. DONE

Timing: 6:00 DD1

• Aztecs�Spanish�Incas

DD2 Tenochtitlán�*Moctezuma II�Peninsulares DD3

• made him a prisoner�forced him to leave�sent him back to Spain

Difficulty: Hard Bloom’s: B3 DoK: 3 What were the effects of Spanish colonization in the New World? The Inca Empire The Inca held a large and rich empire in South America. Built roads across the Andes. Crafted items from gold and silver. Were ruled by a king named Atahualpa.

SPECIAL GRAPHICS REQUEST Map showing extent of the Inca Empire in South America. Can pick up from U5 L7 Segment 3 or create from these specs. Title: The Inca Empire, 1532 Show South America. Label the Andes Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Shade in area of Inca Empire. Include key for shading. See; (We do not need the modern borders shown on this map.) Francisco Pizarro�(1475–1541) Sailed to the New World and helped discover the Pacific Ocean. Captured Atahualpa and conquered the Inca empire. Founded the city of Lima, Peru. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Francisco-Pizarro-um1540.png

Pizarro’s Conquest Took control of the Inca capital In 1532, Pizarro made contact with the Inca Emperor Atahualpa. The Aztec and Inca Empires Introduction: Place each statement in the correct box.

To add text, click Insert, Text Box, the click inside the box to begin typing.

Do not resize the boxes, they are sized to contain the maximum character count. Do not let text flow outside the boxes.

Approx. character limit: 27 Maximum categories:2 Max Tiles TOTAL: 6 Delete excess titles Add additional Notes Here:

Example The Spanish Empire in the Americas The Spanish conquest of the Americas had long-reaching effects. Made Spain wealthy with gold and silver Spread Spanish language and culture Spread Catholicism Replaced American Indian culture with their own

SPECIAL GRAPHICS REQUEST Map showing the Spanish Empire in the Americas, ca 1600 Title: Spanish America, 1600 Show North, Central, and South America. Label North America, Central America, South America, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean. Shade in area under Spanish control. (We do not need individual colonies or territories labeled.) Include key for shading. See: The Conquest of the Americas What were the effects of Spanish colonization in the New World?

Describe why the Spanish wanted to colonize the New World. Explain how the Spanish forced American Indians to accept Spanish culture. Explain how the Spanish conquered the Aztec and Incan empires. Spanish Colonization in the Americas Spain founded its first American colonies in the West Indies. To colonize the New World, Spain used: Conquistadors, who were motivated by God, gold, and glory. the encomienda system to control land and labor the mission system to help assimilate American Indians into Spanish society.

Hostages and Disease Both the Inca and Aztec empires were conquered by Spanish conquistadors. Were greatly weakened by smallpox epidemics. Had rulers that were captured and held hostage by conquistadors. Lacked the sophisticated weapons used by the Spanish. Read about Pizarro’s conquest of the Inca empire. In this assignment you will read a description of how Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire. Then, you will answer questions about the reading. Click here when you are ready to start reading. [link] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:80_-_Machu_Picchu_-_Juin_2009_-_edit.2.jpg

Link to Close Reader file: 3310-05-10_CR_CloseRDR.docx Rescued from the “Butcher” [reading pane] By using sign language, Pizarro soon learned that there was more wealth in the great city, “Biru”, far to the south. He decided to keep a few of the native people captive in order to teach them Spanish, so they could serve as interpreters. Pizarro became even more determined to reach the city – but not all of his men supported that decision. Many were becoming disillusioned, and sent a message to the governor of Panama to be rescued from the “butcher” Pizarro. Which statement most likely describes why some of Pizarro’s men called him a “butcher”? !!! Pizarro was so determined to conquer Peru, he ignored hardships faced by his men. O Before becoming a conquistador, Pizarro had worked as a butcher back in Spain. O Pizarro had strong hands and the knowledge of animals common to many butchers. O His men did not approve of Pizarro’s cruel and violent treatment of the native captives. DONE

Difficulty: hard Bloom’s: 5 DoK: 3 Pizarro Impresses the King [scrolling reading pane] In 1528, Pizarro traveled to Spain to win the King’s blessing for the final expedition. He brought with him several American Indians from Peru, woven cloth, and most importantly, gold and silver. Pizarro was appointed a Captain-General in the Spanish government, and given a salary and funds for his expedition. By 1530, he was ready and set out with 160 men (including 12 of his original “Glorious 13”) to conquer the Incas. For his successful 1528 expedition, Pizarro was given DD1. �What was the effect of the 1528 expedition? O He had trouble convincing others to join him in another expedition. !!! The government supported another attempt to locate the Inca capital. O He was able to retire in Spain. �DONE Difficulty: medium Bloom’s: B4 DoK: 3 DD1�a promotion and more funding*�an appointment to become a governor�an Encominda grant� DD2� 100 Tons of Gold [reading pane] Pizarro constructed a new city on the coast, Lima, in order to build a port to ship Inca wealth back to Spain more easily. By 1560, about 100 tons of gold had been sent to Spain, more than twice the amount that existed in all of Europe at the time. What was the most likely effect of Inca gold arriving in Europe? !!! More countries began to invest in expeditions to the Americas. O More Europeans protested the cruel treatment of American Indians. O Fewer Europeans were willing to colonize the Americas. O Fewer countries could raise the funds needed for exploration. DONE

All block quotes in this assignment have been culled from the close reader document. Difficulty: medium/hard Bloom’s: 4 DoK: 3

Obj1 Explain Spain’s motivations for colonization in the New World. 8

Obj2 Describe the Spanish conquest of the Aztec and Inca Empires. 9

Obj3 Explain the effects of Spanish colonization on the American Indians in the New World. 9

RELATED STANDARDS CC XXXX MI explaining the origins, growth, and consequences of European overseas expansion, including the development and impact of maritime power in Asia and land control in the Americas

	MI	Analyze colonial transformations in Latin America, including
	MI	the near-elimination of American Indian civilizations and peoples
	MI	resource extraction and the emerging system of labor (e.g., mita, slavery)
	MI	social stratifications of the population (e.g., peninsular, creoles, mestizos)
	TX	The student understands the characteristics and impact of the Maya, Inca, and Aztec civilizations.
	TX	Explain how the Inca and Aztec empires were impacted by European exploration/colonization.
	FL	Examine the various economic and political systems of Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, France, and England in the Americas.
	FL	Recognize the practice of slavery and other forms of forced labor experienced during the 13th through 17th centuries in East Africa, West Africa, Europe, Southwest Asia, and the Americas.
	 	 
	NM	Analyze and evaluate the actions of competing European nations for colonies around the world and the impact on indigenous populations.
	NY	European competition for colonies in the Americas, Africa, East Asia, and Southeast Asia--The "old imperialism"
	NY	Spanish colonialism and the introduction of the Encomienda system to Latin America
	NY	Case studies: Philip II
	VA	Analyzing trends in human migration and cultural interaction from 1500 A.D. (C.E.) to the present;
	CCSS	Compare the point of view of two or more authors for how they treat the same or similar topics, including which details they include and emphasize in their respective accounts.
	CCSS	Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources, attending to such features as the date and origin of the information.

term definition colonization a process where one nation conquers and settles another country for its own benefit epidemic a severe outbreak of disease encomienda system a set of laws used by the Spanish to control American Indians conquistadors Spanish military leaders who conquered American Indians during the 1500s mission system a system run by Spanish priests to convert American Indians to Catholicism assimilate Domain-specific Definition: to cause another to become part of one’s culture or way of life

"[Since New Spain was discovered], great atrocities were committed against the indigenous people of the region and some were killed by members of the expedition. These so-called Christians set about stealing from the people and murdering them on the pretense of settling the area. And [since that time] the great iniquities and injustices, the outrageous acts of violence and the bloody tyranny of these Christians have steadily escalated, the perpetrators having lost all fear of God…and all sense of self-respect.” —Bartolomé de las Casas

The hill was largely untouched when Spanish conquistadores stumbled across it in 1544. Over the next three centuries, it yielded a river of riches - more than 62,000 metric tonnes (137 million pounds) of silver that provided the Spanish aristocracy with a lifestyle of profligate opulence and, because it was used to pay off many Spanish debts to neighbours, fuelled much of the economic rise of Europe. Much of the silver even ended up in China - used to pay for England's new addiction to tea.

Monopoly to control all, or most, of trade in a particular product, good, or service

isolation separation; being set apart from others

Dutch East India Company a company that was formed by the Netherlands to conduct trade in Asia

kowtow to kneel down out of great respect so that your forehead touches the ground

Missionary a person who tries to convert others to his or her religious beliefs

Obj1 Identify the reasons why Europeans wanted to trade in Asia. 8 Obj2 Explain how the Dutch created a trading empire. 9 Obj3 Explore why Asian countries were resistant to change especially westernization. 9 Europe offered little the the way of products and benefited more from the inventions and ideas of Asia than Asia benefited from Europe’s.

“… the kow-tow!—the arrogant and insupportable pretensions of China, that she will hold commercial intercourse with mankind not upon terms of equal reciprocity, but upon insulting and degrading forms of relation between lord and vassal.”

Nations and societies have a tendency to see things from their own perspective and believe that their perspective is superior.

• 8 to write test
• 2 to review
• 3 to repair
• 2 2nd review

avoid not and except questions

stimulus bold, many most all bold

no catch all distractors

each choice similar looking

1,2,1 easy medium hard

05-08

term definition

astrolabe an instrument that was used to find and calculate the positions of stars and objects in space

Treaty of Tordesillas an agreement made between Spain in Portugal in 1494 to settle disagreements over land discovered by explorers in the late 15th century

cartography

conquedred by the Muslims

Explain European motivations for exploration. Identify the impact each exploration and explorer made on society. Determine how new technologies improve travel for exploration.