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tuonullc markets as complex adaptive systems. Paralleling Holling, Hayek argued that it was ultimately impos- sible for central planners to control or even to predict the gyra- tions of the market effectively.7s In his Nobel Prize acceptance speech, "The Pretense of Knowledge" (1974), Hayek argued that public expectations concerning the ability of science to analyze and then mold society were vastly exaggerated, partially as a result of the magnitude of achievement in the natural sciences during the modern period.76 Deep knowledge of society, Hayek argued, tends to dampen rather than stimulate aspira- tions for improvement. Yet the public is so hungry for hope that it is willing to believe virtually any flimflam pronounced in the name of "expert knowledge." While this might sound like a 175