Income - Revision history

Tim at 03:00, 20 November 2012

2012-11-20T03:00:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:00, 19 November 2012
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			*[http://www.forbes.com/sites/moneybuilder/2012/11/01/2013-federal-income-tax-brackets-and-marginal-rates/ forbes marginal rates 2012 2013]

	*[http://www.mondaq.com/unitedstates/x/178778/Income+Tax/2013+Federal+Income+Tax+Update 2013 taxes]		*[http://www.mondaq.com/unitedstates/x/178778/Income+Tax/2013+Federal+Income+Tax+Update 2013 taxes]

Tim at 15:17, 10 July 2012

2012-07-10T15:17:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:17, 10 July 2012
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	*[summary of current design
	~~[edit]space heating design~~
	A low temperature 'junk heat' system designed to meet the design temperature load of 25,000 Btu/hr. Most of the space heating is provided by radiant floor heating, most of that through a high thermal mass radiant slab with water at ~100 °. The remainder is provided by panel radiators designed to operate at 120 °. The radiant floor water is drawn from the middle of the 119 gallon storage tank. The panel radiators draw their water from the top of the tank.
	A evacuated tube solar panel takes water from the bottom of the tank and returns it to the upper region of the tank. The water in the tanks is at atmospheric pressure. The tank is used for heat storage and as the drainback tank for the solar collector. The level can be determined through the sight glass and is maintained by the user.
	~~The intent is to maintain stratification of temperature within the tank~~
	~~Additional heat for the storage stank is provided through heat exchange from the DHW system.~~
	~~[edit]domestic hot water design~~
	~~Instant condensing hot water heaters from Navien, Takagi and Noritz all can be configured for use with indirect hot water heaters and allow for solar pre-heating of cold water input.~~
	Cold water enters the the water heater via the storage tank using the upper heat exchanger coil to preheat the water. Hot water at 140 ° leaves the heater and again enters the storage tank, this time through the lower coil. After leaving off some heat back in the tank the water continues on to showers and other residential devices. This 'priority' circuit provides DHW.
	The water that loops through the lower coil can, under certain circumstances, recirculate back into the heater inlet. In short, during the heating season, when the water in the tank falls below a certain temperature this circulator is activated.
	~~[edit]discussion~~
	~~[edit]priority by design~~
	The advantage of preheating the DHW heater input is that for these on-demand heater units deliverable flowrate correlates inversely the inlet and outlet temperature difference so reducing that difference increases your flowrate.
	During DHW demand, more heat is taken out of the tank in pre-heating the water than is returned on its pass through the lower coil. The temperature difference is greater between The cold supply and the hot water in the top of the tank than it is between the heated DHW and the water in the lower section of the tank.
	When the tank 'calls' for heat and there is little or no DHW demand, the heat delivered to the lower coil is no longer offset by that lost by the upper coil since no (or little) water is flowing through the upper coil.
	~~During DHW demand the space heating system pitches in by preheating the water, in effect giving 'priority by design'.~~
	~~[edit]flipping the paradigm~~
	Most designs using indirect heating tanks have the DHW in the tank heated indirectly by the boiler loop (and possibly solar loop) running through the helical heat exchange coils. In this design the tank water is not used for DHW but is merely a junk heat repository of relatively low temperature water sent out to the domestic space heating emitters and for low temp solar or other inputs. The potable DHW runs through the helical coil heat exchangers on its way to satisfy DHW requirements of the household.
	The system takes advantage of the efficiency inherent in a condensing hot water heater operating at low temperatures. Even when providing for space heating requirements it cool temperature water from the bottom of the tank that is transmitted to the heater.
	~~[edit]stratifying for emitter type~~
	The high mass radiant slab heat gets warmed up at the beginning of the heating season and stays warm at around 100 ° until the outdoor sensor tells it that summer has arrived. This thermal mass is located in the center of an open-plan living area. The flow rate need not be great nor does it require adjustment (other then a mixing valve bypass to prevent overheating).
	The other emitters can respond quickly to the ambient temperature in each room via their thermostatic radiator valves. The low mass system adjusts to demand automatically via the pressure regulated variable speed regulator. These emitters are located for the most part in bedrooms and rooms not part of the central open-space core of the house.
	The need for hydraulic separation is greatly reduced since the 'boiler' is isolated in its own loop running at a modest flow rate. The tank acts as a buffer between the source and the emitter loops and as a buffer between the flow requirements of the high mass and low mass emitter loops.
	~~[edit]reducing the costs of solar~~
	Drainback tanks can cost as much as $600 and add complexity to the solar subsystem. Here the pump will probably need to be variable speed, able to overcome the head requirements for refilling the system and then throttle down adjusting its flow to solar conditions. (Or maybe there can be second pump in series that only comes on for filling). In any event it would be a good idea to limit drainback to only occur to respond to freeze or tank overheating danger. Perhaps that can be accomplished by placing an electrically operated valve that allows air into the solar loop at its zenith (high point) during those conditions that require drainback. (Maybe allowing air in anywhere, not just the top, would cause it to drain)
	Solar collectors work better with a high ΔT so maintaining the statification in the storage tank is important. Drawing water from and returning it at a tank levels with similar temperature reduces tank mixing and increases stratification. Low flow rates (particularly for entering water) lessen mixing as well.
	*[http://www.mondaq.com/unitedstates/x/178778/Income+Tax/2013+Federal+Income+Tax+Update 2013 taxes]		*[http://www.mondaq.com/unitedstates/x/178778/Income+Tax/2013+Federal+Income+Tax+Update 2013 taxes]

Tim at 15:16, 10 July 2012

2012-07-10T15:16:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:16, 10 July 2012
Line 1:		Line 1:
			*[summary of current design
			[edit]space heating design
			A low temperature 'junk heat' system designed to meet the design temperature load of 25,000 Btu/hr. Most of the space heating is provided by radiant floor heating, most of that through a high thermal mass radiant slab with water at ~100 °. The remainder is provided by panel radiators designed to operate at 120 °. The radiant floor water is drawn from the middle of the 119 gallon storage tank. The panel radiators draw their water from the top of the tank.
			A evacuated tube solar panel takes water from the bottom of the tank and returns it to the upper region of the tank. The water in the tanks is at atmospheric pressure. The tank is used for heat storage and as the drainback tank for the solar collector. The level can be determined through the sight glass and is maintained by the user.
			The intent is to maintain stratification of temperature within the tank
			Additional heat for the storage stank is provided through heat exchange from the DHW system.
			[edit]domestic hot water design
			Instant condensing hot water heaters from Navien, Takagi and Noritz all can be configured for use with indirect hot water heaters and allow for solar pre-heating of cold water input.
			Cold water enters the the water heater via the storage tank using the upper heat exchanger coil to preheat the water. Hot water at 140 ° leaves the heater and again enters the storage tank, this time through the lower coil. After leaving off some heat back in the tank the water continues on to showers and other residential devices. This 'priority' circuit provides DHW.
			The water that loops through the lower coil can, under certain circumstances, recirculate back into the heater inlet. In short, during the heating season, when the water in the tank falls below a certain temperature this circulator is activated.
			[edit]discussion
			[edit]priority by design
			The advantage of preheating the DHW heater input is that for these on-demand heater units deliverable flowrate correlates inversely the inlet and outlet temperature difference so reducing that difference increases your flowrate.
			During DHW demand, more heat is taken out of the tank in pre-heating the water than is returned on its pass through the lower coil. The temperature difference is greater between The cold supply and the hot water in the top of the tank than it is between the heated DHW and the water in the lower section of the tank.
			When the tank 'calls' for heat and there is little or no DHW demand, the heat delivered to the lower coil is no longer offset by that lost by the upper coil since no (or little) water is flowing through the upper coil.
			During DHW demand the space heating system pitches in by preheating the water, in effect giving 'priority by design'.
			[edit]flipping the paradigm
			Most designs using indirect heating tanks have the DHW in the tank heated indirectly by the boiler loop (and possibly solar loop) running through the helical heat exchange coils. In this design the tank water is not used for DHW but is merely a junk heat repository of relatively low temperature water sent out to the domestic space heating emitters and for low temp solar or other inputs. The potable DHW runs through the helical coil heat exchangers on its way to satisfy DHW requirements of the household.
			The system takes advantage of the efficiency inherent in a condensing hot water heater operating at low temperatures. Even when providing for space heating requirements it cool temperature water from the bottom of the tank that is transmitted to the heater.
			[edit]stratifying for emitter type
			The high mass radiant slab heat gets warmed up at the beginning of the heating season and stays warm at around 100 ° until the outdoor sensor tells it that summer has arrived. This thermal mass is located in the center of an open-plan living area. The flow rate need not be great nor does it require adjustment (other then a mixing valve bypass to prevent overheating).
			The other emitters can respond quickly to the ambient temperature in each room via their thermostatic radiator valves. The low mass system adjusts to demand automatically via the pressure regulated variable speed regulator. These emitters are located for the most part in bedrooms and rooms not part of the central open-space core of the house.
			The need for hydraulic separation is greatly reduced since the 'boiler' is isolated in its own loop running at a modest flow rate. The tank acts as a buffer between the source and the emitter loops and as a buffer between the flow requirements of the high mass and low mass emitter loops.
			[edit]reducing the costs of solar
			Drainback tanks can cost as much as $600 and add complexity to the solar subsystem. Here the pump will probably need to be variable speed, able to overcome the head requirements for refilling the system and then throttle down adjusting its flow to solar conditions. (Or maybe there can be second pump in series that only comes on for filling). In any event it would be a good idea to limit drainback to only occur to respond to freeze or tank overheating danger. Perhaps that can be accomplished by placing an electrically operated valve that allows air into the solar loop at its zenith (high point) during those conditions that require drainback. (Maybe allowing air in anywhere, not just the top, would cause it to drain)
			Solar collectors work better with a high ΔT so maintaining the statification in the storage tank is important. Drawing water from and returning it at a tank levels with similar temperature reduces tank mixing and increases stratification. Low flow rates (particularly for entering water) lessen mixing as well.
			*[http://www.mondaq.com/unitedstates/x/178778/Income+Tax/2013+Federal+Income+Tax+Update 2013 taxes]

	*[http://elsa.berkeley.edu/~saez/course/Labortaxes/taxableincome/taxableincome_attach.pdf capital gains rates Saez]		*[http://elsa.berkeley.edu/~saez/course/Labortaxes/taxableincome/taxableincome_attach.pdf capital gains rates Saez]

Tim at 22:53, 27 June 2012

2012-06-27T22:53:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:53, 27 June 2012
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			*[http://elsa.berkeley.edu/~saez/course/Labortaxes/taxableincome/taxableincome_attach.pdf capital gains rates Saez]

	*[http://taxfoundation.org/sites/taxfoundation.org/files/docs/fed_individual_rate_history_nominal%26adjusted-20110909.pdf brackets 1913 2011]		*[http://taxfoundation.org/sites/taxfoundation.org/files/docs/fed_individual_rate_history_nominal%26adjusted-20110909.pdf brackets 1913 2011]

Tim at 22:40, 27 June 2012

2012-06-27T22:40:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:40, 27 June 2012
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			*[http://taxfoundation.org/sites/taxfoundation.org/files/docs/fed_individual_rate_history_nominal%26adjusted-20110909.pdf brackets 1913 2011]

	*http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/eisenhower-obama-wealthy-americans-mitt-romney-pay-taxes/story?id=15387862#		*http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/eisenhower-obama-wealthy-americans-mitt-romney-pay-taxes/story?id=15387862#

Tim at 22:29, 27 June 2012

2012-06-27T22:29:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:29, 27 June 2012
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	*[http://www.unclefed.com/IRS-Forms/taxtables/1996_i1040trs.pdf brackets 1996]		*[http://www.unclefed.com/IRS-Forms/taxtables/1996_i1040trs.pdf brackets 1996]
	*[http://www.unclefed.com/IRS-Forms/taxtables/1991_i1040trs.pdf brackets 1991]		*[http://www.unclefed.com/IRS-Forms/taxtables/1991_i1040trs.pdf brackets 1991]

			*[http://146.142.4.24/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl?cost1=1&year1=1980&year2=2012 inflation calculator]
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Tim at 22:25, 27 June 2012

2012-06-27T22:25:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:25, 27 June 2012
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	*[http://www.stanford.edu/class/polisci120a/immigration/Federal%20Tax%20Brackets.pdf brackets and rates 1950 60 70 80]		*[http://www.stanford.edu/class/polisci120a/immigration/Federal%20Tax%20Brackets.pdf brackets and rates 1950 60 70 80]

			*http://www.unclefed.com/IRS-Forms/taxtables/index.html brackets 1991-2004]

	*[http://www.unclefed.com/IRS-Forms/taxtables/1996_i1040trs.pdf brackets 1996]		*[http://www.unclefed.com/IRS-Forms/taxtables/1996_i1040trs.pdf brackets 1996]

Tim at 22:20, 27 June 2012

2012-06-27T22:20:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:20, 27 June 2012
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	*[http://www.unclefed.com/IRS-Forms/taxtables/1996_i1040trs.pdf brackets 1996]		*[http://www.unclefed.com/IRS-Forms/taxtables/1996_i1040trs.pdf brackets 1996]
			*[http://www.unclefed.com/IRS-Forms/taxtables/1991_i1040trs.pdf brackets 1991]
	===app text===		===app text===
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Tim at 22:17, 27 June 2012

2012-06-27T22:17:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:17, 27 June 2012
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	*[http://www.stanford.edu/class/polisci120a/immigration/Federal%20Tax%20Brackets.pdf brackets and rates 1950 60 70 80]		*[http://www.stanford.edu/class/polisci120a/immigration/Federal%20Tax%20Brackets.pdf brackets and rates 1950 60 70 80]

			*[http://www.unclefed.com/IRS-Forms/taxtables/1996_i1040trs.pdf brackets 1996]

	===app text===		===app text===

Tim at 21:55, 27 June 2012

2012-06-27T21:55:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:55, 27 June 2012
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	*http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/eisenhower-obama-wealthy-americans-mitt-romney-pay-taxes/story?id=15387862#		*http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/eisenhower-obama-wealthy-americans-mitt-romney-pay-taxes/story?id=15387862#

	*[http://www.stanford.edu/class/polisci120a/immigration/Federal%20Tax%20Brackets.pdf brackets and rates 1950 60 70 80		*[http://www.stanford.edu/class/polisci120a/immigration/Federal%20Tax%20Brackets.pdf brackets and rates 1950 60 70 80]

	===app text===		===app text===